分散固相萃取净化气相色谱-质谱联用法快速检测纸质包装材料中18种光引发剂

建立了一种分散固相萃取(d-SPE)净化、气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)检测纸质包装材料中18种光引发剂(PIs)的分析方法。样品经水浸润后,用乙腈对样品进行超声提取,提取液经正己烷-乙酸乙酯溶液(3∶7,V/V)液液萃取后,用无水MgSO4、N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和C18粉末分散固相萃取净化,以GC-MS法测定,内标法定量。18种PIs在0.01～0.2 mg/L内线性关系良好(R2>0.997),3个加标水平(0.1,0.4和2 mg/m2)的回收率在81.6%～123.8%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.2%～9.6%,检出限(LOD)为0.007～0.023 mg/m2。结果表明:本方法简便、测定结果准确,可用于纸质包装材料中18种光引发剂残留的高通量检测。     

Studies on the Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activities of 13‐cis‐Retinoyl Sugar Derivatives

New retinoyl sugar derivatives of 13‐cis‐retinoic acid were synthesized in three ways in this paper in order to enhance pharmacal effects, especially antiproliferative activities of 13‐cis‐retinoic acid. Their structures were confirmed by IR, ¹H‐NMR, ¹³C‐NMR, and MS spectra and their antiproliferative activities were determined in vitro using human cancer lines. Results showed that some compounds possessed potential antitumor activities.     

支化侧链偶氮无规共聚物中空和类囊泡聚集体研究

研究了支化侧链型偶氮无规共聚物(PMAPB6P-AA)在THF/H2O混合溶液中的自组装行为.研究发现,通过缓慢增加体系的水含量,可以制备出具有中空结构的非球形聚集体.调节聚合物的初始浓度,可以得到不同粒径的聚集体.聚集体中偶氮生色团的光致异构化速率与异构化程度随聚合物初始浓度的增大而减小.在此基础上,采用更加缓慢的增加水含量的方法,使聚合物分子进行充分的疏水聚集与H-聚集,制备出类囊泡状聚集体.在紫外光照射条件下,观察到类囊泡聚集体发生了光致解聚集.     

QM/MM自由能模拟3-吲哚乙酸甲基转移(IAMT):催化机理和底物特异性(英文)

3-吲哚乙酸甲基转移(IAMT)催化甲基化植物激素3-吲哚乙酸(IAA)的端位自由羧酸,被认为在叶片发育过程中起到了至关重要的作用.然而,目前对于酶催化机理的详尽过程尚未被研究。在这里本文对拟南芥的甲基转移过程(AtIAMT1)进行结合量子力学和分子力学(QM/MM)的自由能模拟,并确定了其催化机制及IAMTs的底物特异性根源.研究表明,从S腺苷L甲硫氨酸(AdoMet)到3-吲哚乙酸盐(IAA)的甲基转移自由能垒要比从AdoMet到水杨酸盐的自由能垒低很多,这与之前的实验发现以及酶的底物特异性完全一致.这表明,与水杨酸相比,IAA相对高效性的甲基化是由于一部分过渡态构型的稳定性可能通过底物结合反映在反应物里,本文研究支持了之前关于计算模拟可对SABATH系列中酶的底物特异性根源进行深入理解的设想,并且可用来帮助生成可控的并具其他底物特异性的酶的实验研究.     

Lipschitz–Volume rigidity in Alexandrov geometry

We prove a Lipschitz–Volume rigidity theorem in Alexandrov geometry, that is, if a 1-Lipschitz map f:X=?_X?→Y$f:X=?X_{?}\to Y$ between Alexandrov spaces preserves volume, then it is a path isometry and an isometry when restricted to the interior of X. We furthermore characterize the metric structure on Y with respect to X when f is also onto. This implies the converse of Petrunin's Gluing Theorem: if a gluing of two Alexandrov spaces via a bijection between their boundaries produces an Alexandrov space, then the bijection must be an isometry.     

In Situ Facile Synthesis of Ru‐Based Core–Shell Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Black and Their High Catalytic Activity in the Dehydrogenation of Amine‐Boranes

Well‐dispersed core–shell Ru@M (M=Co, Ni, Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) supported on carbon black have been synthesized via a facile in situ one‐step procedure under ambient condition. Core‐shell Ru@Co NPs were synthesized and characterized for the first time. The as‐synthesized Ru@Co and Ru@Ni NPs exhibit superior catalytic activity in the hydrolysis of ammonia borane compared with their monometallic and alloy counterparts. The Ru@Co/C NPs are the most reactive, with a turnover frequency (TOF) value of 320 (mol min^?1) mol_Ru^?1 and activation energy (E_a) of 21.16 kJ mol^?1. Ru@Ni/C NPs are the next most active, whereas Ru@Fe/C NPs are almost inactive. Additionally, the as‐synthesized NPs supported on carbon black exhibit higher catalytic activity than catalysts on other conventional supports, such as SiO₂ and γ‐Al₂O₃.     

Surface hydrophobization of cotton via laccase-mediated polydopamine deposition and dodecyl gallate grafting

Natural fibers containing components with phenolic hydroxyl groups, such as jute, wool, and silk, can be directly modified by laccase-catalyzed grafting. However, cellulosic fibers like cotton cannot be functionalized in this manner. In this work, we developed a facile two-step method to graft polymers on cotton fabric via laccase catalysis. First, polydopamine (PDA) coating was deposited on the surface of the cotton fabrics via catalysis of laccase/2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) system. Then, the newly formed PDA coating acted as the secondary reaction platform for subsequent laccase-mediated grafting of hydrophobic monomer dodecyl gallate (DG). The oxidation of dopamine (DA) catalyzed with the laccase/TEMPO system was investigated using UV–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results verified that the PDA was coated on the surface of cotton fibers. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that the PDA-coated cotton was successfully grafted with DG (DG-PDA-cotton). According to the weighting method, the grafting percentage was about 1.06%. The hydrophobicity of the DG-PDA-cotton fabrics was greatly improved with a contact angle of 133°. Also, the grafted cotton fabrics show repellency of water-soluble stains like coffee, milk, and tea. This study provides a new strategy for surface modification of cotton by laccase-mediated grafting, which offers the references for the green fabrication of cotton fabrics with improved functionalization.     

A novel 3D Tesla valve micromixer for efficient mixing and chitosan nanoparticle production

Current three-dimensional micromixers for continuous flow reactions and nanoparticle synthesis are complex in structure and difficult to fabricate. This paper investigates the design, fabrication, and characterization of a novel micromixer that uses a simple spatial Tesla valve design to achieve efficient mixing of multiple solutions. The flow characteristics and mixing efficiencies of our Tesla valve micromixer are investigated using a combination of numerical simulations and experiments. The results show that in a wide range of flow rates, viscoelastic solutions with different concentrations can be well mixed in our micromixer. Finally, experiments on the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles are conducted to verify the practicability of our micromixer. Compared with nanoparticles prepared by conventional magnetic stirring, the size of nanoparticles prepared by micromixing is smaller and the distribution is more uniform. Therefore, our Tesla valve micromixer has significant advantages and implications for mixing chemical and biological reactions.